This text concentrates on analysis, postponing matters of theory to the end, and it has two chapters devoted to derivational morphology. In the most traditional view, argument structure is a cover term for the information about the number of arguments of a given predicate, their semantic and syntactic type, and their hierarchical organization. Firstlanguageconstrained variability in the secondlanguage. Word formation argument structure internal argument phonological effect deverbal noun these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Most names are added in the process of forming the actual word. Zurif, and errol baker brain and language, 1991, volume 40, number 3, page 384. Morphology, in linguistics, study of the internal construction of words. Maria bittner this thesis examines the relation between aspect, argument structure, and case.
This is not because it is the dominant subdiscipline, but because morphology is the study of word structure, and words are at the interface between phonology, syntax and. The argument structure of a verb is the lexical information about the arguments of a generally verbal predicate and their semantic and syntactic properties. The remaining part, an attribute value structure, formulates expectations on the form or morphology of the argument. Morphologically derived causatives are composed of a causative morpheme and a base verb. Toward a unified theory of argument structure and grammatical function changing morphology john bowers cornell university i. Morphology morphology is the study of word formation, of the structure of words. The approach developed in this thesis assumes that dowtystyle aspectual operators are zero affixes of. Argument structure and argument structure alternations. Argument structure linguistics oxford bibliographies. These blogs posts will be shared the class for feedback, and the blog will only be posted once these comments are incorporated problem set and answer key. The argument structure also contains information about string manipulations.
Events and aspectual structure in derivational morphology. A case study in latin and other languages victor acedo matellan phd thesis supervisor. However, more realistically one should think of it as a lexicalist theory on a par with categorial grammar. During the merge operation, the referent system secures the management of variables in the following way 17. Derivational morphology linguistics oxford bibliographies. The syntax morphology interface download ebook pdf, epub. The combinatorics of the words are encoded in the argument structure, and there is nothing beyond it that matters. The rest of this tier is occupied by the predicate, kick, and a list of participant roles goldberg 1995. Morphology is at the conceptual centre of linguistics. These are examples of morphology in action morphological facts of everyday life. Pdf alex alsina on the argument structure of causatives. Argument structure in second language acquisition volume 1 issue 2 lydia white. Later, in the presence of positive evidence, these representations and lexical entries are restructured based on universal grammar instantiations.
Parasynthesis has frequently been described as a morphological process which adds to a base a prefix and a suffix simultaneously. That is, if x is a variable, then x 1 and x 2 are also variables. Lexical argument structure representations and their role in translation across cognitive domains enriqueta cansecogonzalez, lewis p. An introduction to word structure in generative grammar. Agreement morphology, argument structure and syntax marcus kracht ii. Morphology and argument structure louisa sadler and andrew spencer 11. An introduction find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Argument structure and morphology this paper presents another such proposal, one that differs from previous proposals mainly in that it represents an attempt to be highly restrictive, perhaps erring in that direction.
A proficiency test was also used to divide participants 116 undergraduate students of english into high and low proficiency groups. Agreement morphology, argument structure and syntax 8. Toward a unified theory of argument structure and grammatical. Due to such focus, the syntax morphology interface in causative and applicative constructions is subject to scrutiny in two main chapters of the book. Grammatical processing load and verb argument structure. Argument structure and morphology argument structure and morphology williams, edwin 19810101 00. A predicate and its arguments form a predicate argument structure. Argument structure an overview sciencedirect topics. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. In english there are numerous examples, such as replacement, which is composed of re, place, and ment, and walked, from the elements walk and ed. An overview of the positions of distributed morphology, treating lexical insertion, wordinternal structure, the theoretical status of paradigms and encyclopedic knowledge, morphological processes, etc.
Structure and agreement in ojibwe transitive verbs. The analysis includes the argument structure of causatives and applicatives along with the morphophonological instantiation of the functional heads involved in these constructions. In english there are numerous examples, such as replacement, which is composed of re, place, and ment, and. We shall assume that lexical roots contain only a minimum of information on names. Transfer at the level of argument structure or morphology.
Osays that the structure needs another constituent the complement from which it will expects the value of the variable when merged. The approach developed in this thesis assumes that dowtystyle aspectual operators are zero affixes of the type discussed in pesetsky 1995, that can head syntactic. This term means different things to different authors, and one of our aims will be to make explicit a number of distinctions between some of the different types of realization and different types of alternation that have fallen under this term. In linguistics, an argument is an expression that helps complete the meaning of a predicate, the latter referring in this context to a main verb and its auxiliaries.
Morphology is concerned with the internal structure of words and the rules for forming words from their subparts, which are called morphemes. This has suggested to some researchers that morphological causatives have essentially the same syntactic representation at d structure as english periphrastic causatives. Lexicalization and productivity mark aronoff and frank anshen 12. Predicate argument structure and verbal morphology 2. Thus argument structure is an interface between the semantics and syntax of predicators which we may take to be verbs in the general case. Argument structure in schoolage children unlike grammatical morphology, argument structure learning in typically developing children is a process that continues throughout childhood andinto adolescence see, e. Interlanguage studies tend to be dominated by investigations of strictly morphosyntactic phenomena. Persian is also a language which uses overt morphology for alternating in transitivity. Morphology is where all linguistic dimensions come together. Argument structure and morphology this paper presents another such proposal, one that differs from previous proposals mainly in that it represents an attempt. Morphemes are the smallest units in the structural analysis of words. If the np is nominative, then it will be identi ed with the subject variable, if it is accusative, with the object variable. Introduction malagasy is an austronesian language spoken by virtually the entire population of the island of madagascar approximately 12 million people. This paper contests montruls 2000 idea of modular transfer, arguing for a strong full transfer position instead.
Morphology and argument structure the handbook of morphology. For instance, the wellknown correspondence between verbs and deverbal nominalizations can only be expressed at the level of argument structure amritavalli 1980, rappaport 1983. Argument structure in the verb phrase vp the verb is the head of the vp, that is to say that the verb is the most important part that determines the presence of any other element in the vp. Derivational morphology is concerned with forming new lexemes, that is, words that differ either in syntactic category part of speech or in meaning from their bases. Languages vary widely in the degree to which words can be analyzed into word elements, or morphemes q. The short answer to the question with which we begin this text is that. There are different classes of verbs according to the type of event they refer to. Examples such as these raise the question of how participants which are entailed by the lexical meaning of predicates are made explicit in the morpho syntactic. Argument structure and the syntaxmorphology interface. Issues of argument structure and argument realization are shown to be. Derivation is typically contrasted with inflection, which is the modification of words to fit into different grammatical contexts. For example, the verb put requires three arguments i.
Request pdf on mar 1, 2014, olga borik and others published argument structure in morphology and syntax. Agreement morphology, argument structure and syntax 3. She she writes if the entirety of the l1 gram mar were operative at the level of. Processing morphology 1 basic terminology morphology study of internal structure of words. Pdf agreement morphology, argument structure and syntax. Agreement morphology, argument structure and syntax. Predicateargument structure and verbal morphology 2. Whats the relationship between syntax, morphology broadly construed and argument structure. Argument structure and argument structure alternations gillian ramchand 9.
Parasynthetic words would have the following structure. The results revealed findings more in line with transfer at the morphological rather than the argument structure level montrul, 2000. This is not surprising, given that the availability of the verb argument structure information requires full access to the verbs lexical entry. I propose in this paper a radically different view according to which both arguments and. In proceedings of the 7th generative approaches to second language acquisition conference gasla 2004, ed. Prosodic morphology reduplication infixation friday, march 18 root and pattern morphology no assignment due week 9 monday, march 21 lexical semantics content meanings vs. Introduction to morphology introduction to morphology. We argue that events project argument positions and license adjuncts within words derived by productive morphology too. Interestingly, the argument structure related negativity is present between 300 and 500 msec, that is, the time domain in which the lexicalsemantic erp component is found. Mark aronoff and kirsten fudeman university college dublin.
Introduction the traditional view of argument structure is roughly as follows. The present study deals with the derivation of words and the consequences that word formation processes have on the argument structure of the base. Transfer of argument structure and morphology core. Firstlanguageconstrained variability in the second. It is generally accepted that the causative morpheme is a twoplace predicate expressing a relation between a causer and a caused event. Morphology and lexical semantics beth levin and malka rappaport hovav. In this regard, the complement is a closely related concept. The argument roles are linked to participant roles conforming to some principles.
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